feat: Start/Ende fuer Fixposten in der GUI + Datumsvalidierung

Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

finance/app/routers/planning.py

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ from decimal import Decimal
 from typing import Literal
 
 from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException
-from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, Field
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, Field, model_validator
 from sqlalchemy import delete, select
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
 
@@ -28,6 +28,13 @@ class RecurringIn(BaseModel):
     end_date: date | None = None
     category_id: int | None = None
 
+    @model_validator(mode="after")
+    def _ende_nicht_vor_start(self):
+        if (self.start_date is not None and self.end_date is not None
+                and self.end_date < self.start_date):
+            raise ValueError("Ende darf nicht vor Start liegen")
+        return self
+
 
 class RecurringOut(RecurringIn):
     model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True)
@@ -90,6 +97,10 @@ def patch_recurring(item_id: int, data: RecurringPatch,
         _check_category(session, fields["category_id"])
     for key, value in fields.items():
         setattr(item, key, value)
+    if (item.start_date is not None and item.end_date is not None
+            and item.end_date < item.start_date):
+        session.rollback()
+        raise HTTPException(422, "Ende darf nicht vor Start liegen")
     session.commit()
     session.refresh(item)
     return RecurringOut.model_validate(item)

finance/app/templates/planning.html

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
   <h2>Wiederkehrende Posten</h2>
   <table>
     <thead>
-      <tr><th>Name</th><th>Betrag</th><th>Rhythmus</th><th>Fälligkeitstag</th><th>Kategorie</th><th></th></tr>
+      <tr><th>Name</th><th>Betrag</th><th>Rhythmus</th><th>Fälligkeitstag</th><th>Start</th><th>Ende</th><th>Kategorie</th><th></th></tr>
     </thead>
     <tbody>
       {% for r in recurring %}
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@
         <td class="{{ 'neg' if r.amount < 0 else '' }}">{{ r.amount|eur }} €</td>
         <td>{{ r.rhythm|de_label }}</td>
         <td>{{ r.due_day }}</td>
+        <td>{{ r.start_date.strftime('%d.%m.%Y') if r.start_date else '–' }}</td>
+        <td>{{ r.end_date.strftime('%d.%m.%Y') if r.end_date else '–' }}</td>
         <td>{{ category_names.get(r.category_id, '–') }}</td>
         <td>
           <form class="inline-form" hx-delete="/api/recurring/{{ r.id }}" hx-swap="none"
@@ -26,7 +28,7 @@
         </td>
       </tr>
       {% else %}
-      <tr><td colspan="6">Noch keine wiederkehrenden Posten.</td></tr>
+      <tr><td colspan="8">Noch keine wiederkehrenden Posten.</td></tr>
       {% endfor %}
     </tbody>
   </table>
@@ -43,6 +45,8 @@
         </select>
       </label>
       <label>Fälligkeitstag <input type="number" name="due_day" data-type="int" min="1" max="31" required></label>
+      <label>Start (optional) <input type="date" name="start_date"></label>
+      <label>Ende (optional) <input type="date" name="end_date"></label>
       <label>Kategorie
         <select name="category_id" data-type="int">
           <option value="">–</option>

finance/tests/test_gui.py

@@ -225,6 +225,18 @@ def test_planning_page_has_all_sections(client):
         assert heading in r.text
 
 
+def test_planung_fixposten_zeigt_start_und_ende(client, db):
+    client.post("/login", data={"username": "admin", "password": "geheim"})
+    db.add(RecurringItem(name="Befristet-GUI", amount=Decimal("-5.00"),
+                         rhythm="monthly", due_day=1,
+                         start_date=date(2026, 1, 1), end_date=date(2026, 12, 31)))
+    db.commit()
+    r = client.get("/planung").text
+    assert "<th>Start</th>" in r and "<th>Ende</th>" in r
+    assert "01.01.2026" in r and "31.12.2026" in r
+    assert 'name="start_date"' in r and 'name="end_date"' in r
+
+
 def test_planning_page_shows_empty_suggestions_hint(client):
     # UX-Regel: das "Vorschläge aus Buchungen"-Fieldset ist immer sichtbar,
     # auch ohne Daten - statt komplett zu verschwinden zeigt es einen Hinweis.

finance/tests/test_planning_api.py

@@ -87,6 +87,30 @@ def test_suggest_recurring_two_months_no_suggestion(db):
     assert suggest_recurring(db) == []
 
 
+def test_recurring_ende_vor_start_wird_abgelehnt(client):
+    r = client.post("/api/recurring", headers=H, json={
+        "name": "Falschrum", "amount": "-10.00", "rhythm": "monthly", "due_day": 1,
+        "start_date": "2026-10-01", "end_date": "2026-09-01"})
+    assert r.status_code == 422
+
+
+def test_recurring_start_ende_roundtrip_und_patch_validierung(client):
+    r = client.post("/api/recurring", headers=H, json={
+        "name": "Befristet", "amount": "-10.00", "rhythm": "monthly", "due_day": 1,
+        "start_date": "2026-01-01", "end_date": "2026-12-31"})
+    assert r.status_code == 201
+    item = r.json()
+    assert item["start_date"] == "2026-01-01" and item["end_date"] == "2026-12-31"
+    # PATCH, der Ende vor den (bestehenden) Start schieben will -> 422:
+    bad = client.patch(f"/api/recurring/{item['id']}", headers=H,
+                       json={"end_date": "2025-06-30"})
+    assert bad.status_code == 422
+    # Datum explizit loeschen (null) ist erlaubt:
+    ok = client.patch(f"/api/recurring/{item['id']}", headers=H,
+                      json={"end_date": None})
+    assert ok.status_code == 200 and ok.json()["end_date"] is None
+
+
 def test_suggest_recurring_excludes_existing_recurring_item(db):
     acc = Account(bank="dkb", iban="DE01", name="G", type="giro")
     db.add(acc)