feat: API key authentication dependency

Implements create_api_key_dependency() FastAPI dependency that validates
Bearer tokens against a configured list of ApiKey objects (401 on missing,
malformed, or unknown tokens). Includes 5 TDD tests covering all cases.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

kischdle/llmux/llmux/auth.py

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+from fastapi import HTTPException, Request
+
+from llmux.config import ApiKey
+
+
+def create_api_key_dependency(api_keys: list[ApiKey]):
+    key_to_name = {k.key: k.name for k in api_keys}
+
+    async def require_api_key(request: Request) -> str:
+        auth = request.headers.get("Authorization", "")
+        if not auth.startswith("Bearer "):
+            raise HTTPException(status_code=401, detail="Missing or malformed Authorization header")
+        token = auth[7:]
+        name = key_to_name.get(token)
+        if name is None:
+            raise HTTPException(status_code=401, detail="Invalid API key")
+        return name
+
+    return require_api_key

kischdle/llmux/tests/test_auth.py

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+import pytest
+from fastapi import FastAPI, Depends
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+from llmux.auth import create_api_key_dependency
+from llmux.config import ApiKey
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def app_with_auth():
+    keys = [
+        ApiKey(key="sk-test-valid-key", name="Test"),
+        ApiKey(key="sk-test-another-key", name="Another"),
+    ]
+    require_api_key = create_api_key_dependency(keys)
+
+    app = FastAPI()
+
+    @app.get("/protected")
+    def protected(api_key: str = Depends(require_api_key)):
+        return {"key_name": api_key}
+
+    return app
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def client(app_with_auth):
+    return TestClient(app_with_auth)
+
+
+def test_valid_key_returns_200(client):
+    resp = client.get("/protected", headers={"Authorization": "Bearer sk-test-valid-key"})
+    assert resp.status_code == 200
+    assert resp.json()["key_name"] == "Test"
+
+
+def test_another_valid_key(client):
+    resp = client.get("/protected", headers={"Authorization": "Bearer sk-test-another-key"})
+    assert resp.status_code == 200
+    assert resp.json()["key_name"] == "Another"
+
+
+def test_missing_auth_header_returns_401(client):
+    resp = client.get("/protected")
+    assert resp.status_code == 401
+
+
+def test_invalid_key_returns_401(client):
+    resp = client.get("/protected", headers={"Authorization": "Bearer sk-wrong"})
+    assert resp.status_code == 401
+
+
+def test_malformed_header_returns_401(client):
+    resp = client.get("/protected", headers={"Authorization": "sk-test-valid-key"})
+    assert resp.status_code == 401